Thursday, April 22, 2010

Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland - John Seach

Eruptions have decreased at Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland. Present magma eruption rate is about 75 tonnes/second which is about 10% of the 72-hour long maximum phase. Phreatomatic eruptions continue from the northern crater, and a plume is reaching an altitude of 3 km. About 100 million cubic meters of material has been erupted so far. Ash fall is 30 m deep near the crater. There have been no changes in crater size since 19th April. A total of 100,000 flights were cancelled because of the eruption.
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Wednesday, April 21, 2010

Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland - John Seach

Flights have resumed to airports in Scotland and northern England today, and airports are expected to reopen in France and Germany later in the day. Eruptions continue from Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland, with ash emissions to 4500 m altitude.
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Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland - John Seach

Some flights over Europe are planned to resume today. The eruption of Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland has grounded flights over many parts of Europe for 5 days. The response is looking like an overreaction, as planes have regularly flown through volcanic ash clouds in other parts of the world for many years. With Eyjafjallajokull volcano possibly staying active for months or years, a more appropriate response will need to be found for the next occasion. The response will need to be based on science, and include a multi-disciplinary approach. Hopefully there will be increased funding for volcanology research as a result this eruption of Eyjafjallajokull volcano.

Saturday, April 17, 2010

Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland - John Seach

Ashfall is occurring in Iceland from the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull volcano. Between midnight and 4:30 am today volcanic lightning was recorded 22 times, and earthquakes were measured between magnitude 1.2 and 2.3. The eruption continued with force last night, with the ash reaching an altitude of 8.5 km. Heavy ashfall is occurring at the base of Eyjafjallajokull glacier.
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Aviation Hazards from Volcanic Ash - John Seach

The grounding of 17,000 flights from the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland highlights the hazard of volcanoes to aircraft. The total closure of British airspace is unprecedented. Since 1980 about 5 airports per year have been affected by eruptions. The largest number of closures have occurred at Catania (Sicily), Anchorage (Alaska), Quito (Ecuador), and Tokua (Papua New Guinea). About 20% of the airports closed were more than 500 km from the volcano. Since 1973 there have been at least 100 incidents involving aircraft and volcanic ash emissions. In 1982 an aircraft flying over Galunggung volcano in Indonesia lost power from all four engines, and descended 12,000 ft before the engines were restarted. In 1989 an aircraft flying over Redoubt volcano in Alaska encountered volcanic ash, damaging engines, which required replacing. The current situation in Europe will need to be analysed to determine if the widespread airport closures were an overraction, or justified based on volcanic activity. Caution is always advised when it comes to volcanic activity, but what will be the response next time this type of event occurs? The last eruption of Eyjafjallajokull volcano lasted for more than a year, so there is a possibility that more ash emissions will occur.
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Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland - John Seach

A significant eruption is continuing at Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland. Ash emissions are reaching 28,000 ft altitude. Yesterday there was a glacial outburst, and water level in Markarfljót rose by 50 centimeters at 6pm. There was another glacial outburst earlier in the day at Gígjökull glacial tongue. More glacial bursts are expected as the eruption continues. Roads are closed near Fljótsdalur, the old Markarfljót bridge on highway number 1, and near the villages of Vík and Kirkjubaejarklaustur. The road between Vík and Kirkjubaejarklaustur was opened at 4 pm yesterday but remains closed by Hvolsvöllur and Skógar.
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Friday, April 16, 2010

Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland - John Seach

All flights in the UK have been grounded due to ash emission Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland. This is the first time that British airspace has been totally closed. The eruption has caused the cancellation of 17,000 flights. Travelers have been stranded in Australia, USA, and Europe as connecting flights to Europe have been affected. Clearing of the ash will depend upon the eruptions at Eyjafjallajokull volcano and wind direction. More of the glacier has begun to melt and there have been further evacuations. The damage to the main highway which circles Iceland is extensive. Will neighbouring Katla volcano erupt, as it has at the past two eruptions of Eyjafjallajokull?
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Wednesday, April 14, 2010

Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland - John Seach

A new eruption occurred today at Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland. The eruption was accompanied by earthquakes and has opened up a new vent. Glacial flooding has occurred on both sides of Gígjökull. Flow in the Markarfljót river has increased significantly and the water level has risen by 84 centimeters. Magma is melting its way through the icecap producing a circular ice free area by the summit 200 meters in diameter. Iceland’s highway No. 1, is closed between Skógar and the crossroads to Gunnarsholt east of Hella. About 45 people in Langidalur valley north of the Eyjafjallajökull glacier have been isolated by the eruption, and 800 people were evacuated.
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Sunday, April 11, 2010

Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland - John Seach

The crater at Fimmvörduháls mountain pass, Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland has grown by 82 m in height since the start of the eruption on 20th March 2010. Lava now covers an area 1.3 square kilometers and is 10-20 meters thick. A total of 24 million cubic meters of lava has erupted from two craters, an average of 15 cubic meters per second. The original crater has stopped erupting, and activity is currently concentrated at the second crater located at a lower altitude. Lava is flowing west of Hvannárgil canyon at 1-2 kilometers per hour. Two tourists died of exposure while becoming lost as they drove back from the eruption.
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Friday, April 09, 2010

Mt Etna volcano, Italy - John Seach

An ash eruption occurred at the summit of Mt Etna volcano, Italy on 8th April 2010. The eruption occurred at the lower east flank of the Southeast Crater. The eruption increased the crater from 10 m to 50 m. The eruptions were preceded by a series of earthquakes at the Pernicana fault on 2nd April. This was the first time in 6 years that earthquakes occurred in this location on Mt Etna (NE flank). The largest earthquake was magnitude 4.2. Ground cracking occurred adjacent to Ragabo mountain hut. Mareneve road, which links the town of Linguaglossa to the tourist area of Piano Provenzana, was fractured in two locations. The earthquake focus was at a depth of 1 km, and surface fractures occurred over a distance of 1 km. At a location 1 km up slope from Ragabo mountain hut, there was vertical displacement of the ground by 20 cm.
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Wednesday, April 07, 2010

Indonesia Earthquake (Mag 7.8) - John Seach

A major earthquake hit northern Sumatra, Indonesia at 05:15 am local time on 7th April 2010. The magnitude 7.8 earthquake had an epicentre 205 km SW of Medan, and 70 km offshore. A local tsunami watch was issued. The closest volcano to the epicentre is Toba, which erupted 72,000 years ago with one of the earth's largest documented eruptions. Other active volcanoes in the region include Sinabung and Sibayak.
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Thursday, April 01, 2010

Eyjafjoll volcano, Iceland - John Seach

A new 300 m long fissure has opened up at Eyjafjoll (Eyjafjallajökull) volcano in Iceland. The fissure opened up yesterday (31st March 2010) and may indicate the activity is moving further north towards Thorsmork nature reserve. An estimated 25,000 people have visited the eruption site in recent days.
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